'Indian elite emit most CO2'

'Indian elite emit most CO2'
13 Nov 2007, 1819 hrs IST,INDIATIMES NEWS NETWORK

NEW DELHI: Greenpeace on Tuesday released a survey based report named "hiding behind the poor" which reveals that the highest income group in India, constituting merely 1% of the population emits four-and-a-half times as much CO2 as the lowest income group consisting 38% of the population. It demands that common but differentiated responsibility for CO2 emissions reduction, which the government is justifiably advocating at a global level be implemented in India. With less than a month to go for the United Nations Climate Change Council conference in Bali, the report challenges the Indian government's hard line of not committing to GHG gases reduction on grounds of development and makes an argument about why India must de-carbonize its development.

According to the proposed national strategy on climate change India will not abide by any international commitment to mandatory reduction of greenhouse gas emission. India 's approach of measuring world GHG emissions is per capita emission rather than country-wise emissions which is the approach of the developed nations. Although India is the sixth largest carbon emitter in the world, it has one of the lowest per capita emission rates.

G Ananthapadmanabhan, Executive Director, Greenpeace India said "While the government continues to point at low average per capita emissions to justify non reduction of India 's CO2 emissions, over 150 Million Indians are emitting above the sustainable limit which needs to be maintained to restrict global temperature rise below 2 degree centigrade. India 's low average per capita emissions is due to the over 800 million poor population whose emissions are negligible and the difference in emissions between the highest and the lowest income groups in India is almost as glaring as the difference in the average per capita emissions between the EU and India ."

'hiding behind the poor' is based on face-to-face surveys of 819 households from the seven different income classes across the four metros, medium and small towns and rural areas for energy consumption patters. According to the report, the average CO2 emissions of an individual from the highest income group of above Rs 30,000 (1494 KG) is 4.5 times that of one from the lowest income group of below Rs 3000 per month (335 Kg).

Ananth further added "Electricity production in India is already extremely carbon intensive, emitting more then twice as much CO2 per kilowatt-hour than in the EU. The government's objective, as in the 11th five year plan to base India's future power generation on a massive expansion of coal power plants will further enhance climate instability and expose the most vulnerable poor population to increasing impacts of climate change. While rightfully demanding that developed nations reduce Co2 emissions and provide developing nations the carbon space to grow, the Indian government must not hide India 's emissions behind the vast poor population. The principle of climate justice must be included in the national development plan."

The poor population, while contributing the least to global warming, is highly exposed to and has the lowest capacity to adapt to the impacts of climate change. The report recommends that funds be created by mechanisms like carbon credits and carbon tax to be used for mitigation and adaptation projects to protect the poor from climate change impacts.